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Dietary accumulation and depuration of hydrophobic organochlorines: Bioaccumulation parameters and their relationship with the octanol/water partition coefficient
Author(s) -
Fisk Aaron T.,
Norstrom Ross J.,
Cymbalisty Chris D.,
Muir Derek C.G.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620170526
Subject(s) - bioaccumulation , hexachlorobenzene , chemistry , biomagnification , environmental chemistry , partition coefficient , rainbow trout , persistent organic pollutant , toxaphene , toxicokinetics , polychlorinated biphenyl , chromatography , pesticide , pollutant , metabolism , fish <actinopterygii> , biochemistry , ecology , biology , organic chemistry , fishery
Dietary accumulation of 23 hydrophobic organochlorines (OCs) by juvenile rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) was studied with the objective of obtaining relationships between bioaccumulation parameters and the octanol/water partition coefficient ( K ow ). A wide range of OCs were used including 16 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs 18, 28, 44, 52, 66, 101, 105, 118, 128, 138, 153, 187, 189, 195, 206, and 209), hexachlorobenzene, mirex, tris(4‐chlorophenyl)methane (TCPMe), tris(4‐chlorophenyl)methanol (TCPMeOH), and three toxaphene congeners (Cl 7 ‐chlorobornane [CHB] [Hp‐sed], Cl 8 ‐CHB [T2], and Cl 9 ‐CHB [T12]). Tris(4‐chlorophenyl)methane (half‐life [ t 1/2 ] = 65 d) was more persistent than TCPMeOH ( t 1/2 = 20 d), and TCPMe was not biotransformed to TCPMeOH by rainbow trout. Cl 7 ‐chlorobornane ( t 1/2 = 32 d) was more rapidly eliminated, and appears to be more readily metabolized, than Cl 8 ‐CHB ( t 1/2 = 43 d) and Cl 9 ‐CHB ( t 1/2 = 42 d). With the exception of TCPMeOH, Cl 7 ‐CHB, and PCB 18, all of the OCs had biomagnification factors (BMFs) >1, implying a potential to biomagnify. Half‐lives had a significant curvilinear relationship with K ow ( R 2 = 0.85, p < 0.001), with a maximum t 1/2 for OCs with log K ow ∼ 7.0. Decreasing t 1/2 for OCs of log K ow > 7.0 may be related to slow kinetics of these super hydrophobic OCs and the short exposure phase, which results in insufficient time for the super hydrophobic OCs to reach slower clearing compartments of the rainbow trout. Assimilation efficiency was not as well described by K ow as by t 1/2 and BMF, although a significant curvilinear relationship was observed ( R 2 = 0.53, p = 0.004). The BMF had a significant curvilinear relationship with log K ow ( R 2 = 0.84, p < 0.001). Recalcitrant OCs with a log K ow of ∼7.0 would appear to have the greatest potential for food chain biomagnification in fish.