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Accumulation and toxicokinetics of fluoranthene in water‐only exposures with freshwater amphipods
Author(s) -
Driscoll Susan Kane,
Landrum Peter F.,
Tigue Elizabeth
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620160420
Subject(s) - fluoranthene , hyalella azteca , toxicokinetics , clearance rate , ecotoxicology , toxicity , toxicology , biology , zoology , environmental chemistry , amphipoda , chemistry , endocrinology , phenanthrene , organic chemistry , crustacean
Abstract Two 10‐d water‐only toxicity tests with radiolabeled fluoranthene were conducted with two species of freshwater amphipods, Hyalella azteca and Diporeia sp. For H. azteca , 10‐d median lethal concentrations were 564 nmol/L and 481 nmol/L. Tentative median lethal doses, determined from the regressions of body burden of remaining live H. azteca versus survival, were 5.6 and 3.6 mmol fluoranthene/kg wet weight tissue. Diporeia appeared to be less sensitive, because survival in Diporeia was greater than 84% after 10‐d exposures. Elimination rates determined for Diporeia , ranging from 0.0011 to 0.0042/h (half‐lives of 7–26 d), were much slower than rates determined for H. azteca of 0.128 to 0.188/h (half‐lives of 4–6 h). Faster elimination in H. azteca may be related to its greater ability to metabolize fluoranthene. For H. azteca , an average of 17% of its body burden was present as metabolites after 24 h of exposure to radiolabeled fluoranthene, as compared to 5% for Diporeia . For Diporeia , exposure to various water concentrations of fluoranthene for various lengths of time resulted in declines in the conditional uptake clearance rates (ml water cleared/g wet weight tissue/h). A similar, although less dramatic trend was observed for conditional uptake clearance rates in H. azteca .