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Comparison of acute toxicity of process chemicals used in the oil refinery industry, tested with the diatom Chaetoceros Gracilis , the flagellate Isochrysis Galbana , and the zebra fish, Brachydanio Rerio
Author(s) -
Roseth Svein,
Edvardsson Trym,
Botten Merete Tone,
Fuglestad Jon,
Fonnum Frode,
Stenersen Jørgen
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620150729
Subject(s) - isochrysis galbana , biology , botany , algae
Chemicals under the trade names Nalco 537‐DA, Nalco 625, Nalco 7607, Nalco 5165, Ivamin, and technical monoethanolamine are used extensively in the oil refinery industry. Aquatic toxicity tests were conducted using zebra fish fry ( Brachydanio rerio ) and the unicellular algae Isochrysis galbana (a flagellate) and Chaetoceros gracilis (a diatom). Inhibition of cell division, chlorophyll content, and 14 CO 2 uptake in the algae were sensitive end points. The effective concentrations (EC50s) of growth inhibition were 0.1 mg/L (Ivamin; I. galbana ), 0.8 mg/L (Nalco 7607; I. galbana ), 6 mg/L (Nalco 625; I. galbana ), 10 mg/L (Nalco 5165; C. gracilis ), and 15 mg/L (Nalco 537‐DA; C. gracilis ). The lethal concentrations (LC50s) (96 h) toward zebra fish fry was 1 mg/L for Nalco 7607, 6.5 mg/L for Nalco 537‐DA, 7.1 mg/L for Nalco 625, and 20 mg/L for Ivamin 803. Monoethanolamine had an LC50 higher than 5,000 mg/L. Nalco 5165 was not tested on fish fry. The heartbeat frequency of fish embryos was reduced by 2.5 mg/L Nalco 537‐DA, but this was an insensitive end point for the other chemicals.