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A pharmacokinetic analysis of the uptake of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by golden shiners
Author(s) -
Karara Adel H.,
Mcfarland Victor A.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620110305
Subject(s) - bioconcentration , fish <actinopterygii> , toxicokinetics , polychlorinated biphenyl , chemistry , elimination rate constant , environmental chemistry , pharmacokinetics , zoology , toxicity , volume of distribution , biology , fishery , bioaccumulation , organic chemistry , pharmacology
A 96‐h, static, nonconstant exposure design was used to assess pharmacokinetic parameters and to identify the rate‐limiting process in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) uptake by golden shiners (Notemigonus crysoleucas). Fish were exposed individually to 14 C‐labeled PCBs corresponding to Aroclor 1254 (A1254). After various intervals (2–96 h), fish and water were analyzed for total radioactivity. Uptake of PCBs and decline of the external water concentration were both rapid. A clearance constant‐based one‐compartment model was used to represent the fish. Model‐based equations for PCB concentrations in the fish and in the water were fitted simultaneously to the observed data with the PCNONLIN ™ computer program. The absorption clearance constant was 30.8 ml·h −1 ·g −1 fish, which identified gill blood flow as the uptake rate‐controlling process. The model‐predicted apparent volume of distribution, V d , and bioconcentration factor, K b , were 5,280 ml/g fish and 9,059 ml water per gram fish, respectively. The model‐predicted elimination rate constant, k e , was 5.84 × 10 −3 h −1 , corresponding to a t 1/2 of 4.9 d.