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Comparison of laboratory toxicity test results with responses of estuarine animals exposed to fenthion in the field
Author(s) -
Clark James R.,
Borthwick Patrick W.,
Goodman Larry R.,
Patrick James M.,
Lores Emile M.,
Moore James C.
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620060210
Subject(s) - fenthion , shrimp , toxicology , acute toxicity , organophosphate , toxicity , chemistry , biology , pesticide , fishery , ecology , organic chemistry , malathion
Acute, lethal effects of fenthion (an organophosphate insecticide) on mysids ( Mysidopsis bahia ), grass shrimp ( Palaemonetes pugio ), pink shrimp ( Penaeus duorarum ) and sheepshead minnows ( Cyprinodon variegatus ) were determined in laboratory tests and after field applications. Exposures at four field sites ranged from short‐term exposures (12 h or less) of rapidly decreasing fenthion concentrations to extended intervals (more than 72 h) with slowly increasing or decreasing fenthion concentrations. Laboratory‐derived LC50s provided a reliable benchmark for predicting acute, lethal effects of fenthion on caged animals in the field when exposures persisted for 24 h or more but overestimated the toxicity for exposures of less than 24 h. Laboratory pulse‐exposure tests with rapidly changing concentrations for 12 h were predictive of the nonlethal and lethal effects observed for short‐term field exposures.