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Toxicity of copper‐spiked sediments to freshwater invertebrates
Author(s) -
Cairns Michael A.,
Nebeker Alan V.,
Gakstatter Jack H.,
Griffis William L.
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620030308
Subject(s) - hyalella azteca , daphnia magna , environmental chemistry , midge , sediment , gammarus , cladocera , amphipoda , copper , branchiopoda , dry weight , bioassay , daphnia , ecotoxicology , invertebrate , toxicity , biology , chemistry , crustacean , ecology , larva , botany , paleontology , organic chemistry
Natural freshwater sediments from two Oregon sites were spiked with copper in the laboratory and two static toxicity tests were conducted with series of copper concentrations ranging from 59 to 10,600 mg/kg of dry sediment. Water (800 ml) was added to 1‐liter test beakers over the sediment (200 ml) and repeatedly removed and replaced to lower the aqueous copper concentrations. When copper concentrations stabilized, i.e., attained equilibrium between water and sediment, the midge Chironomus tentans , the cladoceran Daphnia magna and the amphipods Hyalella azteca and Gammarus lacustris were introduced as test animals in solid‐phase sediment toxicity bioassays. Based on dry‐weight sediment copper concentrations, LC 50 values (48‐h for Daphnia , 10‐d for other organisms) ranged from 681 to 2,296 mg/kg.