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Relative sensitivity of Chironomus tentans life stages to copper
Author(s) -
Nebeker Alan V.,
Cairns Michael A.,
Wise Claudia M.
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.5620030117
Subject(s) - instar , midge , larva , copper , pupa , toxicology , biology , zoology , chemistry , ecology , organic chemistry
Abstract The four larval instars of the midge Chironomus tentans Fabricius were exposed to copper to determine their relative sensitivities. The impact of copper on adult emergence and effect of exposure time on LC 50 values were also determined. First‐instar larvae appeared to be the most sensitive to acute exposure, with a 96‐h LC 50 of 298 μg/L copper, followed by second‐instar (LC 50 = 773 μg/L), third‐instar (LC 50 = 1,446 μg/L) and fourth‐instar (LC 50 = 1,690 μg/L) larvae, at a water hardness of 71 to 84 mg/L. Adults emerged successfully from fourth‐instar larvae and pupae that survived 20‐d copper exposures of up to 235 μg/L; the 20‐day EC 50 was 77.5 μg/L. Methods for continuous culture of C. tentans in a flow‐through rearing facility using Cerophyl, a commercially available powdered grass product, as food and substrate are presented.