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PBDEs and methoxylated analogues in sediment cores from two Michigan, USA, inland lakes
Author(s) -
Bradley Patrick W.,
Wan Yi,
Jones Paul D.,
Wiseman Steve,
Chang Hong,
Lam Michael H.W.,
Long David T.,
Giesy John P.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.500
Subject(s) - polybrominated diphenyl ethers , congener , environmental chemistry , sediment , sedimentation , environmental science , abiotic component , dry weight , pollutant , geology , ecology , chemistry , biology , paleontology , botany
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been widely studied in sediments from the North American Great Lakes; however, no studies have been conducted of occurrences of methoxylated (MeO‐) PBDEs in abiotic compartments in this region. In the present study, 23 tri‐ to hepta‐PBDEs and 12 MeO‐PBDEs were analyzed in dated sediment cores collected from two inland lakes (White Lake and Muskegon Lake) in Michigan, USA. Concentrations of Σ 23 PBDEs ranged from 3.9 × 10 −1 to 2.4 × 10 0 and from 9.8 × 10 −1 to 3.9 × 10 0 ng/g dry weight in White Lake and Muskegon Lake, respectively. The historical trends of tri‐ to hepta‐PBDEs in the two lakes were different, possibly because of different input and remediation histories. The tri‐ to hepta‐PBDE profiles were similar in the two lakes, with BDE‐47 as the predominant congener, followed by BDE‐99 and BDE‐183. A different temporal trend for BDE‐183 was found compared with other PBDEs, which is consistent with debromination of high‐brominated PBDEs during sedimentation and aging. Methoxylated‐PBDEs were detected only in Muskegon Lake (3.6 × 10 −3 to 1.2 × 10 −1 ng/g dry wt). Methoxylated PBDEs showed different temporal trends compared with tri‐ to hepta‐PBDEs. The differences in patterns of concentrations of MeO‐PBDEs in the two lakes might be due to different aquatic communities in each lake. The occurrences of MeO‐PBDEs could be the major source of hydroxylated–polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH‐PBDEs) observed in organisms collected in these freshwater systems. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1236–1242. © 2011 SETAC