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Assessing Biota Accumulation Due to Contamination of Sediments by Storm Water Heavy Metals
Author(s) -
Drygiannaki Ilektra,
Bejar Michelle,
Reible Danny D.,
Dawson John A.,
Rao Balaji,
Hayman Nicholas T.,
Rosen Gunther H.,
Colvin Marienne A.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.4862
Subject(s) - bioaccumulation , environmental chemistry , biota , sediment , environmental science , mercury (programming language) , contamination , deposition (geology) , stormwater , cadmium , environmental remediation , arsenic , storm , surface runoff , chemistry , ecology , geology , oceanography , biology , paleontology , organic chemistry , computer science , programming language
Evaluating sediment recontamination due to storm water discharges is important when evaluating the long‐term effectiveness of sediment remediation efforts at reducing biological impacts. The bioaccumulation of the heavy metals zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium, mercury, and lead and the metalloid arsenic in a clam ( Macoma nasuta ) was studied in surficial sediments before and after storm water inputs from Paleta Creek, California, USA, during wet seasons in 2015 to 2016 and 2016 to 2017. The bioaccumulation was compared with bulk sediment concentrations and porewater concentrations measured by diffusion gradient in thin film devices. Significant reductions in biota accumulation and porewater concentrations were observed in samples collected after storm seasons compared with before storm seasons despite bulk sediment concentrations remaining the same or increasing. This was apparently the result of the deposition of storm water contaminants in low bioavailable forms. The bioaccumulation of all the measured contaminants showed a positive significant correlation with porewater concentrations ( p < 0.1, α = 0.1) and weak or no correlations with bulk sediment concentration. In conclusion, observed bulk sediment recontamination due to storm water should not be assumed to lead directly to greater biota accumulation without bioavailability assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2475–2484. © 2020 SETAC