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Comparative Lethality of In ovo Exposure to PCB 126, PCB 77, and 2 Environmentally Relevant PCB Mixtures in Japanese Quail ( Coturnix japonica )
Author(s) -
Dean Karen M.,
Marcell Allegra M.,
Baltos Leah D.,
Carro Tiffany,
Bohan Meredith E.B.,
Ottinger Mary Ann
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.4578
Subject(s) - quail , bioassay , toxicity , in ovo , lethality , toxicology , polychlorinated biphenyl , shanghai china , aryl hydrocarbon receptor , coturnix japonica , biology , coturnix , chemistry , zoology , environmental chemistry , medicine , embryo , ecology , biochemistry , genetics , regional science , gene , transcription factor , geography
The Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica ) egg bioassay was used to directly compare the toxicity of 3,3’,4,4’,5‐pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126), 3,3’,4,4’‐tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 77), and 2 environmentally relevant polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures over specified dose ranges relative to vehicle and uninjected controls. Measures included lethality and deformities. Results showed clear dose‐response relationships for PCB 126 and the 2 PCB mixtures by logistic analysis of covariance using a varying threshold model because there was a low but significant slope for mortality of vehicle controls over incubation. No dose‐dependent increase in mortality was observed with PCB 77 treatment. Mortality increased above baseline for PCB 126 and the 2 mixtures after embryonic day 7 (ED07) to a stable slope from ED10. Median lethal doses and thresholds for response differed for PCB 126 and the 2 PCB mixtures, with the mixtures having lower initial toxicity and all showing progressively greater toxicity over the course of development. Further, the lethality of the PCB mixtures appeared to involve both aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and non‐AhR mechanisms. Incidence of deformities was unrelated to treatments. In summary, complex mixtures of PCBs were lethal in a dose‐related manner, with sublethal effects from exposure to PCB 77. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2637–2650. © 2019 SETAC