Premium
Toxicokinetics of cadmium in Palaemon varians postlarvae under waterborne and/or dietary exposure
Author(s) -
Pavlaki Maria D.,
Morgado Rui G.,
Soares Amadeu M.V.M.,
Calado Ricardo,
Loureiro Susana
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.4104
Subject(s) - bioaccumulation , shrimp , cadmium , toxicokinetics , environmental chemistry , ecotoxicology , cadmium exposure , chemistry , bioconcentration , euryhaline , contamination , estuary , toxicology , biology , toxicity , fish <actinopterygii> , ecology , fishery , organic chemistry
The present study assessed cadmium uptake and depuration rates in the euryhaline estuarine shrimp Palaemon varians under different exposure routes. Postlarval shrimp were exposed for 4 d under different exposure routes: contaminated water, contaminated diet, and a 2‐way exposure scenario where both contaminated water and diet were used. After exposure, postlarval shrimp were transferred to a clean medium and fed a noncontaminated diet for 96 h. Bioaccumulation via the different exposure routes was modeled with a standard first‐order, one‐compartment toxicokinetics model and one with an additional parameter reflecting an inert fraction or storage compartment. The simultaneous 2‐way exposure (through water and diet) resulted in accumulation being almost twice as high as the sum of the individual exposure routes, thus indicating that accumulation from multiple routes may be more than additive. Cadmium uptake from water was faster than uptake from food maintained for 48 h at that same cadmium concentration. Shrimp were unable to eliminate cadmium from their body, showing no depuration during 96 h after exposure via different routes, thus suggesting that a longer depuration period is needed. Model comparisons did not provide a significantly better fit when the model included the presence of an inert fraction. The present study highlights the importance of assessing accumulation using multiple exposure routes compared with individual routes because the latter may underestimate bioaccumulation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1614–1622. © 2018 SETAC