Premium
Toxicity of fluoride to aquatic species and evaluation of toxicity modifying factors
Author(s) -
Pearcy Krysta,
Elphick James,
BurnettSeidel Charlene
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.2963
Subject(s) - hyalella azteca , ceriodaphnia dubia , toxicity , rainbow trout , chronic toxicity , environmental chemistry , acute toxicity , biology , toxicology , aquatic toxicology , ecotoxicology , chemistry , ecology , fishery , amphipoda , fish <actinopterygii> , crustacean , organic chemistry
The present study was performed to investigate the toxicity of fluoride to a variety of freshwater aquatic organisms and to establish whether water quality variables contribute substantively to modifying its toxicity. Water hardness, chloride, and alkalinity were tested as possible toxicity modifying factors for fluoride using acute toxicity tests with Hyalella azteca and Oncorhynchus mykiss . Chloride appeared to be the major toxicity modifying factor for fluoride in these acute toxicity tests. The chronic toxicity of fluoride was evaluated with a variety of species, including 3 fish ( Pimephales promelas, O. mykiss , and Salvelinus namaycush ), 3 invertebrates ( Ceriodaphnia dubia, H. azteca , and Chironomus dilutus ), 1 plant ( Lemna minor ), and 1 alga ( Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ). Hyalella azteca was the most sensitive species overall, and O. mykiss was the most sensitive species of fish. The role of chloride as a toxicity modifying factor was inconsistent between species in the chronic toxicity tests. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:1642–1648. © 2015 SETAC