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Effects of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (cyanobacteria) on the swimming behavior of Daphnia (cladocera)
Author(s) -
FerrãoFilho Aloysio S.,
Soares Maria Carolina S.,
Lima Ramon S.,
Magalhães Valeria F.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.2420
Subject(s) - cylindrospermopsis raciborskii , cladocera , saxitoxin , bioassay , daphnia , daphnia magna , biology , acute toxicity , cyanobacteria , branchiopoda , environmental chemistry , toxicology , ecotoxicology , toxicity , ecology , zooplankton , chemistry , toxin , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , organic chemistry , bacteria
The present study aimed to test the effects of raw water samples from a eutrophic reservoir and of a saxitoxin‐producing strain of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii on the swimming behavior of 2 key herbivore species of Daphnia . Two complementary approaches were used, acute bioassays and behavioral assays using an automated movement tracking system for measuring the following activity parameters: swimming time, resting time, distance traveled, and mean velocity. In both assays, animals were exposed to field samples or to toxic filaments in different concentrations and observed for 2 h to 3 h. In the acute bioassays, there was a decrease in the number of swimming individuals during the exposure period and a recovery following removal from toxic algae. A significant relationship was found between median effective concentration and the saxitoxin content of seston ( r 2 = 0.998; p = 0.025) in the acute bioassays with raw water samples. Behavioral assays also showed significant effects in the activity parameters with both field samples and the strain of C. raciborskii , with some recovery during the exposure period. Both approaches corroborated previous research on the effects of neurotoxic C. raciborskii on the swimming activity of Daphnia , and these effects are compatible with the mechanism of action of saxitoxins. The present study showed that activity parameters of aquatic organisms may be a useful tool in the evaluation of sublethal toxicity and detection of neurotoxins in raw water. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:223–229. © 2013 SETAC