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Amelioration of acidic soil increases the toxicity of the weak base carbendazim to the earthworm Eisenia fetida
Author(s) -
Liu Kailin,
Wang Shaoyun,
Luo Kun,
Liu Xiangying,
Yu Yunlong
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.2386
Subject(s) - eisenia fetida , carbendazim , earthworm , chemistry , environmental chemistry , bioavailability , toxicity , ecotoxicology , fungicide , agronomy , pharmacology , biology , organic chemistry
Ameliorating acidic soils is a common practice and may affect the bioavailability of an ionizable organic pollutant to organisms. The toxicity of the weak base carbendazim to the earthworm ( Eisenia fetida ) was studied in an acidic soil (pH–H 2 O, 4.6) and in the ameliorated soil (pH–H 2 O, 7.5). The results indicated that the median lethal concentration of carbendazim for E. fetida decreased from 21.8 mg/kg in acidic soil to 7.35 mg/kg in the ameliorated soil. To understand why the amelioration increased carbendazim toxicity to the earthworm, the authors measured the carbendazim concentrations in the soil porewater. The authors found increased carbendazim concentrations in porewater, resulting in increased toxicity of carbendazim to earthworms. The increased pore concentrations result from decreased adsorption because of the effects of pH and calcium ions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2870–2873. © 2013 SETAC