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Vapor pressure of three brominated flame retardants determined by using the Knudsen effusion method
Author(s) -
Fu Jinxia,
Suuberg Eric M.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1002/etc.1736
Subject(s) - hexabromocyclododecane , vapor pressure , knudsen number , sublimation (psychology) , tetrabromobisphenol a , chemistry , environmental chemistry , decabromodiphenyl ether , fire retardant , chromatography , organic chemistry , thermodynamics , psychology , physics , psychotherapist
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) have been used in a variety of consumer products in the past four decades. The vapor pressures for three widely used BFRs, that is, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and octabromodiphenyl ethers (octaBDEs) mixtures, were determined using the Knudsen effusion method and compared with those of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209). The values measured extrapolated to 298.15 K are 8.47 × 10 −9 , 7.47 × 10 −10 , and 2.33 × 10 −9 Pa, respectively. The enthalpies of sublimation for these BFRs were estimated using the Clausius–Clapeyron equation and are 143.6 ± 0.4, 153.7 ± 3.1, and 150.8 ± 3.2 kJ/mole, respectively. In addition, the enthalpies of fusion and melting temperatures for these BFRs were also measured in the present study. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:574–578. © 2011 SETAC