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Different morphology of Nuphar lutea in two contrasting aquatic environments and its effect on ecosystem engineering
Author(s) -
Schoelynck Jonas,
Bal Kris,
Verschoren Veerle,
Penning Ellis,
Struyf Eric,
Bouma Tjeerd,
Meire Dieter,
Meire Patrick,
Temmerman Stijn
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
earth surface processes and landforms
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.294
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1096-9837
pISSN - 0197-9337
DOI - 10.1002/esp.3607
Subject(s) - macrophyte , aquatic plant , ecosystem , nutrient , environmental science , lake ecosystem , silt , canopy , organic matter , ecosystem engineer , biomass (ecology) , sediment , botany , ecology , hydrology (agriculture) , biology , geology , paleontology , geotechnical engineering
Aquatic plants (macrophytes) can have a large effect on river hydraulics and geomorphology. Though, the extent to how plant morphological plasticity actively influences these feedbacks has received little scientific attention. The nymphaeid macrophyte species Nuphar lutea (L.) Smith is characterized by a distinct leaf duality. Floating leaves shade most of the submerged leaves thereby limiting light penetration in the water. Despite their apparent negligible photosynthetic role, submerged leaves of N. lutea remain intact during summer and contribute a significant part to the total biomass. Our results indicate that the submerged leaves are crucial in plant–flow interactions and hence in the engineering potential of the plant, i.e. the capacity to locally reduce flow velocities and to promote sedimentation, including organic matter deposition. Plant individuals growing in running river water were compared to individuals from adjacent oxbow lake water. The number and size of submerged leaves were significantly higher for river standing individuals and the accumulated sediment contained significantly more organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and was characterized by a lower carbon/nitrogen ratio and a finer grain size. We therefore argue that the submerged N. lutea canopy in rivers has the ability to create a high‐nutrient, low hydrodynamic environment, resembling the conditions found in oxbow lakes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.