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Visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic efficiency of Co‐ and Gd‐doped LaNiO 3 and effect of doping on photochemical, electrochemical, and ferroelectric properties
Author(s) -
Iqbal Shahid,
Bibi Ismat,
Iqbal Munawar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of energy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.808
H-Index - 95
eISSN - 1099-114X
pISSN - 0363-907X
DOI - 10.1002/er.6429
Subject(s) - materials science , doping , dielectric spectroscopy , analytical chemistry (journal) , dielectric , ferroelectricity , dielectric loss , perovskite (structure) , conductivity , raman spectroscopy , dissipation factor , electrochemistry , electrode , chemistry , crystallography , optics , optoelectronics , physics , chromatography
Summary Gadolinium‐ and Cobalt‐doped La 1− y Gd y Ni 1− x Co x O 3 perovskite nanoparticles were synthesized using facile micro‐emulsion route to investigate the doping effect of Gadolinium and Cobalt on structural, morphological, dielectric, electrochemical, and photocatalytic activities of LaNiO 3 . The characterization of as‐synthesized material was performed using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX), UV‐visible, and Raman scattering techniques. Structural analysis of Gd‐ and Co‐doped LaNiO 3 shows single‐phase distorted rhombohedral structure with successful doping of Gd and Co and particles size was estimated in the range of 25‐45 nm with heterogeneous morphology. The CV (cyclic voltammetry), EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy), and current‐voltage (I‐V) analysis revealed that the Gd and Co doping enhanced the electrical properties of LaNiO 3 . CV and EIS of Gd‐ and Co‐doped composition ( x , y = 0.50) electrode shows higher specific capacitance (148 Fg −1 ) vs undoped LaNiO 3 (95 Fg −1 ). The (I‐V) results revealed that conductivity was improved by Gd and Co doping, the conductivity values for composition ( x , y = 0.50) were 3.01 × 10 4 S/m vs 2.08 × 10 −3 S/m for undoped LaNiO 3 . Frequency dependent dielectric properties of La 1− y Gd y Ni 1− x Co x O 3 synthesized material show decreasing trend in dielectric constant, dielectric loss, tangent loss by increase in frequency and AC conductivity was increased by the doping of Gd and Co in LaNiO 3 . Resistivity measurements show a decrease in resistivity by Gd and Co doping. Ferroelectric loop of the Gd‐ and Co‐doped material shows an increased ferroelectric nature than LaNiO 3 . Photoluminescence spectra show an excitation peaks in visible region, which decreases as the dopant content ( x , y ) was increased. The band gap energy ( E g ) was estimated using Tauc's plot and it was observed that by increasing the dopant ( x , y ) contents, the band gap was decreased (3.25‐2.53 eV). Photocatalytic activity of LaNiO 3 and La 1− y Gd y Ni 1− x Co x O 3 was tested for Rhodamine B (RhB) dye under solar light irradiation. Result shows that the doped material was significantly more photocatalytically active than LaNiO 3 .The doped material degraded about 88.6% as compared with 35.3% of undoped LaNiO 3 . The LaNiO 3 with Gd‐ and Co‐doped material shows an enhanced dielectric, electrochemical, ferroelectric, photocatalytic activities, and narrowing in energy band gap which might have promising application in electronic, energy storage devices and as active photocatalyst under visible light.