Advanced modification of scandia‐stabilized zirconia electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells application—A review

Summary Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are recognized as an energy generation device with high power density and energy conversion efficiency, low noise, low greenhouse gas emissions, positive environmental effect, and high fuel consumption versatility. Nevertheless, the high operating temperature of SOFCs has restricted the development in various applications due to challenges in material compatibility and working process. To address these issues, scandia‐stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) electrolytes are commonly utilized to explore its potentials as a solid electrolyte toward lowering the operating temperature due to high conductivity properties at low‐to‐intermediate temperature conditions. Thus, this paper provides an advanced modification of ScSZ electrolytes in SOFCs toward lowering the operating temperature. This review presents the potential properties and the progress modification of ScSZ electrolyte including challenges, and advances, summary, and future perspectives in the low‐to‐intermediate operating temperature of SOFCs. This review can serve as a first reference for identifying specific parameters and prospective studies to enhance the properties of ScSZ electrolytes for the application of SOFCs. Based on the literature review, there are no previous review works that have been published on the modification of ScSZ electrolytes.