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Enhanced hetero‐elements doping content in biomass waste‐derived carbon for high performance supercapacitor
Author(s) -
Fang Ju,
Guo Di,
Kang Chenxia,
Wan Shuyun,
Li Shuxian,
Fu Likang,
Liu Gang,
Liu Qiming
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
international journal of energy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.808
H-Index - 95
eISSN - 1099-114X
pISSN - 0363-907X
DOI - 10.1002/er.4834
Subject(s) - supercapacitor , nitric acid , carbon fibers , hydrothermal carbonization , melamine , electrolyte , materials science , thiourea , electrochemistry , capacitance , carbonization , dopant , chemical engineering , energy storage , nuclear chemistry , inorganic chemistry , doping , electrode , chemistry , scanning electron microscope , composite number , metallurgy , organic chemistry , composite material , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering , optoelectronics
Summary Betel nut wastes are firstly modified with nitric acid/thiourea to fabricate hetero‐element doping carbon (C‐H‐T) for energy storage. C‐H‐T exhibits improved content of O (12.27%), N (2.52%), and S (2.88%) compared with that of purely carbonized carbon with O (9.2%) and N (1.76%). Without nitric acid heat treatment, the carbon materials prepared by hydrothermal treatment with thiourea only get increasing hetero‐elements content of O (10.46%), N (2.9%), and S (0.53%). The similar results have been obtained using urea and melamine as dopants. Due to the synergistic effects of the hetero‐elements containing functional groups, C‐H‐T get a significant enhancement in its electrochemical properties with a high capacitance (423 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 ) in KOH electrolyte. C‐H‐T based coin‐type symmetric supercapacitors display maximum energy density of 61.7 Wh kg −1 and considerate cycling ability with 94% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles. The fabricated two‐step method can inspire the increase of hetero‐elements content in carbon materials to develop its application in energy storage.