Premium
Determination of optimum Pd:Ni ratio for Pd x Ni 100‐ x / CNT s formic acid electrooxidation catalysts synthesized via sodium borohydride reduction method
Author(s) -
Ulas Berdan,
Caglar Aykut,
Kivrak Hilal
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
international journal of energy research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.808
H-Index - 95
eISSN - 1099-114X
pISSN - 0363-907X
DOI - 10.1002/er.4485
Subject(s) - catalysis , formic acid , carbon nanotube , materials science , transmission electron microscopy , metal , nuclear chemistry , alloy , chemical engineering , molar ratio , desorption , inductively coupled plasma , adsorption , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , nanotechnology , metallurgy , chromatography , organic chemistry , plasma , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
Summary The main purpose of this study is to investigate the optimum Pd:Ni molar ratio for carbon nanotube–supported PdNi (Pd x Ni 100‐ x /CNT) alloy catalysts toward formic acid electrooxidation (FAE). NaBH 4 reduction method was employed for the synthesis of Pd 90 Ni 10 /CNT, Pd 70 Ni 30 /CNT, Pd 50 Ni 50 /CNT, and Pd 40 Ni 60 /CNT. Synthesized catalysts were characterized by employing advanced surface analytical techniques, namely, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N 2 adsorption‐desorption, and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). The characterization results showed that all catalysts were successfully synthesized at desired molar composition. Pd 90 Ni 10 /CNT displayed the highest specific and mass activities with 2.32 mA/cm 2 and 613.9 mA/mg Pd, respectively. Specific activity of the Pd 90 Ni 10 /CNT was found approximately 3.6, 2.3, 11.1, and 3.4 times higher than those of Pd 70 Ni 30 /CNT, Pd 50 Ni 50 /CNT, Pd 40 Ni 60 /CNT, and Pd/CNT, respectively. The synergistic effect between Pd and Ni at optimized metal ratio was utilized to obtain an improvement in specific activity. Furthermore, Pd 90 Ni 10 /CNT showed the lowest charge transfer resistance ( R ct ) and a long‐term stability. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the optimization of atomic molar composition for Pd x Ni 100‐ x /CNT catalysts toward FAE.