Synthesis of t‐B . PWFe / NiO nanocomposite as an efficient and heterogeneous green nanocatalyst for catalytic oxidative‐extractive desulfurization of gasoline

This study aimed to improve the efficiency of sulfur removal from real and model liquid fuel, which is still a challenge. The heterogeneous nanocatalyst was synthesized successfully by supporting ([ n ‐C 4 H 9 ] 4 N) 4 H[PW 11 FeO 39 ] (t‐B.PWFe), on nickel oxide (NiO) as a new nanocomposite (t‐B.PWFe/NiO) via sol–gel method. The catalytic activity of the nanocomposite was evaluated for oxidative–extractive desulfurization (OEDS) of model fuel and real gasoline using CH 3 COOH/H 2 O 2 as an oxidant. The synthesized nanocatalyst was characterized by means of X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and cyclic voltammetry. From UV–Vis, the bandgap energy is found. After OEDS treatments, the obtained results were specified that mercaptans and total sulfur content of real gasoline lowered with about 97% yield. Mechanisms, kinetic studies, and the effect of various operational parameters were evaluated, such as temperature and time on the oxidation reaction. The unique performance of the t‐B.PWFe/NiO proved the extreme capability of this system for sulfur removal to achieve purified and clean gasoline.