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Novel separation and immobilization of heavy metals in municipal solid waste fly ash by grinding with nano‐Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO 4 ] mixture
Author(s) -
Mallampati Srinivasa Reddy,
Simion Cristian,
Mitoma Yoshiharu
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
environmental progress and sustainable energy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.495
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1944-7450
pISSN - 1944-7442
DOI - 10.1002/ep.12418
Subject(s) - fly ash , grinding , leachate , municipal solid waste , heavy metals , magnetic separation , incineration , fraction (chemistry) , chemistry , metallurgy , environmental remediation , nuclear chemistry , environmental chemistry , materials science , waste management , contamination , chromatography , engineering , ecology , organic chemistry , biology
This study was conducted to examine the dry synthesis and application of novel nano‐size calcium/iron‐based composite material as a separation/immobilization treatment of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, and Pb) in fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerator. After grinding with nano‐Fe/Ca/CaO and with nano‐Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO 4 ], approximately 30 wt % and 25 wt % of magnetic fraction fly ash were separated. The highest amount of entrapped heavy metals was found in the lighter, magnetically‐separated fly ash fraction (i.e. 91% heavy metals in 25% treated fly ash). Immobilization rate of heavy metals in the magnetic or non‐magnetic fly ash fractions were about 98% and 100%, respectively. SEM‐EDS observations indicate that the main fraction of enclosed/bound materials on treated fly ash includes Ca/PO 4 ‐associated crystalline complexes. After nano‐Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO 4 ] treatment, the heavy metal concentrations in the fly ash leachate were much lower than the Japan standard regulatory limit for hazardous waste landfills. The addition of a nano‐Fe/Ca/CaO/PO 4 mixture with simple grinding technique is potentially applicable for the remediation and volume reduction of fly ash contaminated by heavy metals. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 1693–1698, 2016