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Development of functionalized heterogeneous catalyst from Ceiba pentandra stalk for biodiesel production using Sterculia foetida seed oil
Author(s) -
Karuppiah Subramanian Parthiban,
Muthiah Perumalsamy
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
environmental progress and sustainable energy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.495
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1944-7450
pISSN - 1944-7442
DOI - 10.1002/ep.12203
Subject(s) - ceiba , transesterification , biodiesel , catalysis , methanol , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , yield (engineering) , materials science , pulp and paper industry , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , organic chemistry , chemical engineering , composite material , biology , engineering , ecology
An attempt is made to develop a new carbon‐based solid acid catalyst, processed through sulfonation of carbonized Ceiba pentandra stalks. C. pentandra catalyzes Sterculia foetida oil through esterification and transesterification simultaneously. Physical and chemical characteristics of this novel catalyst had been analyzed by a range of strategies like Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. During the optimization study, an optimal yield of 97 wt % was obtained using 18:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 3.5 wt % catalyst concentration and reaction temperature of 498 K. The fuel properties of the produced biodiesel were evaluated and compared with ASTM D6751 biodiesel standard. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 308–314, 2016