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Preparation of biodiesel from waste frying oil using a green and renewable solid catalyst derived from egg shell
Author(s) -
Niju Subramaniapillai,
Sheriffa Begum Kader Mohamed Meera,
Anantharaman Narayanan
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
environmental progress and sustainable energy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.495
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1944-7450
pISSN - 1944-7442
DOI - 10.1002/ep.11939
Subject(s) - biodiesel , catalysis , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , methanol , biodiesel production , calcium oxide , transesterification , yield (engineering) , materials science , calcination , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , composite material , engineering
Biodiesel was produced from waste frying oil using calcium oxide derived from the calcination of egg shell as a heterogeneous base catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive atomic X‐ray spectrometry. The effects of reaction variables such as methanol/oil molar ratio, amount of catalyst, reaction temperature, and reaction time on biodiesel yield were investigated. The activity of the egg shell‐derived CaO was compared with the commercial CaO. A high biodiesel yield of 95.05% and conversion of 96.11% were obtained at 3 wt % catalyst (based on oil weight), methanol/oil molar ratio of 9:1, reaction temperature of 65°C, and reaction time of 3 h. The structure of biodiesel was characterized by FTIR, and the biodiesel conversion was determined by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 248–254, 2015