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An additive approximate Gaussian process model for large spatio‐temporal data
Author(s) -
Ma Pulong,
Konomi Bledar A.,
Kang Emily L.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
environmetrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.68
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1099-095X
pISSN - 1180-4009
DOI - 10.1002/env.2569
Subject(s) - covariance , separable space , covariance function , gaussian process , computer science , algorithm , component (thermodynamics) , gaussian , bayesian probability , inference , approximate bayesian computation , covariance matrix , mathematics , artificial intelligence , statistics , mathematical analysis , thermodynamics , physics , quantum mechanics
Motivated by a large ground‐level ozone data set, we propose a new computationally efficient additive approximate Gaussian process. The proposed method incorporates a computational‐complexity‐reduction method and a separable covariance function, which can flexibly capture various spatio‐temporal dependence structures. The first component is able to capture nonseparable spatio‐temporal variability, whereas the second component captures the separable variation. Based on a hierarchical formulation of the model, we are able to utilize the computational advantages of both components and perform efficient Bayesian inference. To demonstrate the inferential and computational benefits of the proposed method, we carry out extensive simulation studies assuming various scenarios of an underlying spatio‐temporal covariance structure. The proposed method is also applied to analyze large spatio‐temporal measurements of ground‐level ozone in the Eastern United States.