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Effective Preparation of Nanoscale CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 Perovskite Photosensitizers for Mesoporous TiO 2 ‐Based Solar Cells by Successive Precursor Layer Adsorption and Reaction Process
Author(s) -
Kim Myoung,
Lee Seul-Yi,
Yoo So-Min,
Paek Sanghyun,
Lee Yonghui,
Cho Kyung Taek,
Zimmermann Iwan,
Kim Hae-Yeon,
Kim Beom-Seok,
Song Min-Kyeong,
Shin Taeho,
Kim Kyoungsoo,
Huckaba Aron J.,
Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja,
Lee Hyo J.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.201901186
Subject(s) - materials science , mesoporous material , dissolution , adsorption , chemical engineering , perovskite (structure) , deposition (geology) , nanoscopic scale , ionic bonding , iodide , layer (electronics) , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , nanometre , inorganic chemistry , catalysis , ion , chemistry , organic chemistry , sediment , engineering , composite material , biology , paleontology
Nanoscale CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskite sensitizers are grown by delivering each precursor successively onto the surface of mesoporous (meso) TiO 2 electrodes. Using Pb(NO 3 ) 2 ions as a lead(II) source and CH 3 NH 3 I (MAI) for methylammonium and iodide sources, repetitive cycles of the two dipping steps are successful in growing few nanometer‐sized MAPbI 3 gradually on the TiO 2 surface inside the meso‐TiO 2 film. However, some aggregates are observed on the top surface of the meso‐TiO 2 film due to slight dissolution of PbI 2 and its accumulation/reaction with MAI at the top surface of the meso‐TiO 2 film. To solve this inhomogeneity of the deposition, a nondestructive multiple deposition route for nanoscale MAPbI 3 is suggested as a successive precursor layer adsorption and reaction (SPLAR) process where, from the second cycle of deposition, PbI 2 is delivered with the help of an ionic liquid compound dissolved in dichloromethane. With this new Pb precursor in less‐polar solvents, nanoscale MAPbI 3 sensitizers are grown without dissolution of preformed perovskites or formation of some aggregates at the top surface. After the third cycle of SPLAR deposition, about 7.0 nm–sized MAPbI 3 sensitizers are prepared and display enhanced photovoltaic performance (7.18 ± 0.31%) compared with devices obtained from only one cycle (5.74 ± 0.30%).