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A Review on Halide Perovskite Film Formation by Sequential Solution Processing for Solar Cell Applications
Author(s) -
Bing Jueming,
Huang Shujuan,
Ho-Baillie Anita W. Y.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.201901114
Subject(s) - perovskite (structure) , halide , crystallization , perovskite solar cell , materials science , chemical engineering , solar cell , deposition (geology) , photoactive layer , solvent , thin film , nanotechnology , chemistry , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , optoelectronics , polymer solar cell , paleontology , sediment , engineering , biology
Perovskite solar cell performance is closely related to the quality of the perovskite absorbing layer which is highly dependent on deposition processes. Sequential process is shown to be effective in fabricating both single‐junction and tandem solar cells delivering comparable efficiencies compared with devices by a single‐step process. Sequence processes exhibit the benefits of controlling crystallization speed, overcoming solvent incompatibility, and greater flexibility. Here, mechanisms of film formation in two common sequential solution processes, namely chemical bath deposition and sequential spin coating, showing that film formation is highly dependent on precursors or deposition conditions, are reviewed. Herein, further review is conducted on how three main strategies improve perovskite crystallization. The first is by PbI 2 complex formation or via intramolecular exchange which is shown to result in a better perovskite conversion and a more ordered perovskite growth. The second strategy is by changing the condition of perovskite precursors, e.g., by solvent, cation, halide, and additive engineering. The last strategy is by altering precursor dispensing conditions and adding vapor or solvent annealing, thereby affecting reaction conditions. Many of these strategies are demonstrated to improve perovskite film morphology with reduced defects.