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Life Cycle Analysis of Decentralized Preprocessing Systems for Fast Pyrolysis Biorefineries with Blended Feedstocks in the Southeastern United States
Author(s) -
Lan Kai,
Ou Longwen,
Park Sunkyu,
Kelley Stephen S.,
Yao Yuan
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.201900850
Subject(s) - biorefinery , life cycle assessment , biomass (ecology) , biofuel , environmental science , raw material , bioenergy , supply chain , energy consumption , waste management , pulp and paper industry , process engineering , production (economics) , environmental economics , environmental engineering , engineering , business , chemistry , economics , oceanography , electrical engineering , organic chemistry , marketing , macroeconomics , geology
Blending biomass feedstock is a promising approach to mitigate supply chain risks that are common challenges for large‐scale biomass utilization. Understanding the potential environmental benefits of biofuels produced from blended biomass and identifying driving parameters are critical for the supply chain design. Herein, a cradle‐to‐gate life cycle analysis model for fast pyrolysis biorefineries converting blended feedstocks (pine residues and switchgrass) with traditional centralized and alternative decentralized preprocessing sites, so‐called depots, is explained. Different scenarios are developed to investigate the impacts of parameters such as feedstock blending ratios, biorefinery and depot capacities, preprocessing technologies, and allocation methods. The life‐cycle energy consumption and global warming potential (GWP) of biofuel production with depots vary between 0.7–1.1 MJ MJ −1 and 43.2–76.6 g CO 2 eq. MJ −1 , respectively. The results are driven by biorefinery processes and depot preprocesses. A decentralized design reduces the energy consumption of the biorefinery but increases the overall life‐cycle energy and GWP. Such increases can be significantly mitigated by increasing switchgrass content as the energy consumption at the depot is driven largely by the higher moisture content of pine feedstocks. Allocation methods also have a large impact on the results but do not change the major trends and overall conclusions.