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Fabrication and Evaluation of Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Supported Novel Catalyst for Select Conversion of Cellulose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Author(s) -
Li Fei,
Zhang Guang,
Song Yinghua
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.201700800
Subject(s) - catalysis , cellulose , ionic liquid , chemistry , isomerization , fructose , hydrolysis , yield (engineering) , lewis acids and bases , carbon nanotube , carbon fibers , base (topology) , organic chemistry , materials science , nanotechnology , composite material , mathematical analysis , mathematics , composite number , metallurgy
Herein, a facile method for constructing acid‐base and Cr III species multi‐functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) catalyst was reported. Acid and base, i.e., −SO 3 H and −NH 2 groups, were first grafted on CNTs to synthesize CNTs−SO 3 H−NH 2 bi‐functional catalyst. Then the obtained CNTs−SO 3 H−NH 2 catalyst was further functionalized with Cr III species for further enhancement of acidity. The catalytic activity of fabricated catalysts were systematically studied for the one‐pot conversion of cellulose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in an ionic liquid solvent system. Results indicated that in the one‐pot cellulose to HMF reaction, acidic sites were necessary for dissolved cellulose hydrolysis and fructose dehydration process, and the isomerization of glucose to fructose can be regarded as rate determining step. Co‐existed base and Lewis acid sites were found to promote glucose isomerization to fructose, and Brønsted acid sites direct the dehydration of reactively formed fructose to HMF. And under the optimal conditions, the highest HMF yield of 40.2 % was achieved by multi‐functional CNTs−SO 3 H−NH 2 −Cr III catalyst. Moreover, the fabricated catalyst in this study revealed excellent stability for recycle use in HMF production from cellulose.