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Effects of Aluminum Doping on Cobalt‐Free Lithium–Iron–Nickel–Manganese–Oxygen Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Lin Hongxu,
Liang Chenghao,
Li Mian,
Dai Changsong,
Xiong Yueping
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.201600757
Subject(s) - manganese , lithium (medication) , inorganic chemistry , electrochemistry , materials science , cobalt , dielectric spectroscopy , nickel , dopant , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , electrolyte , doping , chemistry , chemical engineering , electrode , metallurgy , medicine , optoelectronics , engineering , endocrinology
To decrease the cost of lithium‐ion cathode materials, cobalt‐free Li‐Fe‐Ni‐Mn‐O (FeAl000) was synthesized by a facile sol–gel method by using citric acid as the chelating agent. To enhance the electrochemical performance of FeAl000, low‐costing and environmentally friendly aluminum was added as a dopant. The Al‐doped Li‐Fe‐Al‐Ni‐Mn‐O (FeAl015) material exhibited excellent electrochemical performance. The charge/discharge capacity and corresponding differential capacity curves suggested that Al‐doping activated the transformation of Mn 4+ into Mn 3+ , and the activated Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ redox/oxide couple contributed to an increase in the discharge capacity. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses demonstrated the transformation of Mn 4+ into Mn 3+/2+ . The Nyquist and Bode curves obtained by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated that Al doping enhanced electron transfer and somewhat hampered formation of the solid–electrolyte‐interphase layer during cycling.