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Scalable and Cost‐Effective Preparation of Hierarchical Porous Silicon with a High Conversion Yield for Superior Lithium‐Ion Storage
Author(s) -
Liu Xiaolin,
Miao Rongrong,
Yang Jun,
Wang Jinzuan,
Bie Yitian,
Wang Jiulin,
Nuli Yanna
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.201500400
Subject(s) - materials science , hydrofluoric acid , anode , lithium (medication) , etching (microfabrication) , porosity , chemical engineering , porous silicon , silicon , yield (engineering) , composite number , nanotechnology , chemical vapor deposition , raw material , layer (electronics) , composite material , optoelectronics , chemistry , metallurgy , organic chemistry , electrode , medicine , engineering , endocrinology
Although some reported porous silicon‐based anode materials manifest excellent lithium‐ion storage properties, their scalable and economical synthesis remains a large obstacle to their industrial application. This work presents a scalable and efficient preparation of hierarchical porous silicon by using cost‐effective porous SiO 2 as raw material through a modified magnesiothermic reduction approach, in which a rotatable furnace was employed and the hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching treatment was avoided. Moreover, the reaction has a high conversion yield (>95 %). Subsequently, a carbon layer with a thickness of 7 nm has been conformally wrapped onto the surface of the porous silicon through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The obtained porous Si@C composite exhibits a high reversible capacity at 0.3 A g −1 , and retained ca. 40 % of its capacity even at 8 A g −1 . Moreover, it has an excellent capacity retention over 300 cycles. The strategies disclosed in the present work and the novel porous Si@C composite may have great potential for the next generation of lithium‐ion batteries.