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Rheological, Thermal, and Physicochemical Characterization of Animal Fat Wastes for use in Biodiesel Production
Author(s) -
Adewale Peter,
Dumont MarieJosée,
Ngadi Michael
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.201402001
Subject(s) - transesterification , rheology , grease , animal fat , tallow , biodiesel production , biodiesel , materials science , food science , chemical engineering , chemistry , organic chemistry , catalysis , composite material , engineering
The rheological, thermal and physicochemical properties of animal fat wastes (tallow, lard, choice white grease, and yellow grease) are important parameters for an efficient design of equipment and to optimize the processing procedures of biodiesel production. In this study, the physicochemical properties of animal fat waste samples and the correlation of these properties to their thermal and rheological behaviors were elucidated. Pure lard was equally investigated to monitor the effects of impurities on the rheological and thermal properties of the animal fat wastes. It was established that the presence of impurities had effects on the rheological and thermal properties of fats. Additionally, due to the high level of free fatty acid (FFA) present in the wastes, transesterification cannot be applied directly. It will be necessary to reduce the FFA level by using acid pretreatment or enzyme catalyzed transesterification.