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Li‐ion Reaction to Improve the Rate Performance of Nanoporous Anatase TiO 2 Anodes
Author(s) -
He YanBing,
Liu Ming,
Xu ZhengLong,
Zhang Biao,
Li Baohua,
Kang Feiyu,
Kim JangKyo
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
energy technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.91
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 2194-4296
pISSN - 2194-4288
DOI - 10.1002/ente.201300081
Subject(s) - anatase , anode , nanoporous , materials science , electrolyte , electrochemistry , chemical engineering , diffusion , ion , reactivity (psychology) , nanotechnology , electrode , catalysis , chemistry , thermodynamics , photocatalysis , pathology , engineering , medicine , physics , alternative medicine , organic chemistry , biochemistry
Large initial capacity losses and low tap densities are among the major challenges to the wide‐ranging application of Li ion batteries based on anatase titania (TiO 2 ) anodes. This study reports the root causes of the capacity losses and proposes effective ways to control them. Nanoporous TiO 2 microspheres with a tap density as high as 1.1 g cm −3 are successfully prepared by using a spray drying method and a focused study is made of their electrochemical reaction kinetics. According to the results, the capacity losses are ascribed to the irreversible Li‐ion interfacial storage capability that arises mainly from the high reactivity between TiO 2 and the electrolyte solution. A new anode material, TiO 2 –Li, prepared by reacting TiO 2 with Li ions delivers a 50 % reduction in charge‐transfer resistance and a remarkable enhancement of Li‐ion diffusion coefficient by almost seven times, as compared to the neat TiO 2 powders. The TiO 2 –Li anode presents a much lower initial capacity loss, higher rate performance, and better reversibility.