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Specific reduction of N,N‐dimethylnitrosamine mutagenicity in Drosophila melanogaster by dimethyl sulfoxide
Author(s) -
Brodberg R. K.,
Mitchell M. J.,
Smith S. L.,
Woodruff R. C.
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
environmental and molecular mutagenesis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1098-2280
pISSN - 0893-6692
DOI - 10.1002/em.2850100411
Subject(s) - dimethyl sulfoxide , mutagen , chemistry , drosophila melanogaster , biochemistry , microsome , monooxygenase , piperonyl butoxide , demethylase , solvent , antimutagen , carcinogen , stereochemistry , toxicology , biology , toxicity , cytochrome p450 , metabolism , organic chemistry , in vitro , histone , dna , gene
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) used as a solvent has been observed to complicate mutagenicity screens by interacting with tested chemicals to yield false positives or negatives. We have used DMSO as a solvent in the Drosophila melanogaster recessive sex‐linked lethal mutation assay and find that it reduces, but does not abolish, the detectable mutagenicity of N,N‐dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). Its use as a solvent with procarbazine, another promutagen, shows no effect on mutagenicity in Drosophila. DMSO does not exhibit a general inhibitory action on microsome activity when ecdysone 20‐monooxygenase activity is used as a measure of cytochrome P‐450 activity. We were unable to detect the low DMN demethylase activity in the strain used. Hence, the inhibitory effect of DMSO in Drosophila at both the physiological and biological level appears to be limited and not general in action. Because DMN and DMSO are similar in structure, it is possible that DMSO is interacting with a DMN demethylase in Drosophila. This might lead to a reduction in the conversion of DMN to a mutagen. Consequently, from the results of this study and others DMSO should be used cautiously as a solvent in Drosophila mutagen screening.