Premium
The respiratory tract microbiome and its relationship to lung cancer and environmental exposures found in rural china
Author(s) -
Hosgood H. Dean,
Mongodin Emmanuel F.,
Wan Yunhu,
Hua Xing,
Rothman Nathaniel,
Hu Wei,
Vermeulen Roel,
Seow Wei Jie,
Rohan Thomas,
Xu Jun,
Li Jihua,
He Jun,
Huang Yunchao,
Yang Kaiyun,
Wu Guoping,
Wei Fusheng,
Shi Jianxin,
Sapkota Amy R.,
Lan Qing
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
environmental and molecular mutagenesis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1098-2280
pISSN - 0893-6692
DOI - 10.1002/em.22291
Subject(s) - lung cancer , microbiome , respiratory tract , china , respiratory system , biology , environmental health , carcinogen , medicine , physiology , bioinformatics , genetics , oncology , geography , archaeology
We previously reported that bacterial diversity in sputum samples from never‐smoking women in rural China varied by lung cancer status and household air pollution (HAP) exposure type. Here, we expand on our associations between environmental exposures and respiratory tract microbiota with an additional 90 never‐smoking women from Xuanwei, China. DNA from sputum samples of cases ( n = 45) and controls ( n = 45) was extracted using a multistep enzymatic and physical lysis, followed by a standardized clean up. V1–V2 regions of 16S rRNA genes were Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified. Purified amplicons were sequenced by 454 FLX Titanium pyrosequencing and high‐quality sequences were evaluated for diversity and taxonomic membership. In our population of never‐smokers, increased risk of lung cancer was associated with lower alpha diversity compared to higher alpha diversity (Shannon: OR high = 1.00 [reference], OR medium = 3.84 [1.02–14.48], OR low = 3.78 [1.03–13.82]; observed species: OR high = 1.00 [reference], OR medium = 2.37 [0.67–8.48], OR low = 2.01 [0.58–6.97]; Phylogenetic Diversity (PD) whole tree: OR high = 1.00 [reference], OR medium = 3.04 [0.85–10.92], OR low = 2.53 [0.72–8.96]), as well as a decreased relative abundance of Fusobacteria (OR high = 1.00 [reference], OR medium = 1.24 [0.42–3.66], OR low = 2.01 [0.63–6.44], p trend = 0.03). Increasing alpha diversity was associated with smoky coal use compared to clean fuel use among all subjects (observed species, P = 0.001; PD whole tree, P = 0.006; Shannon, P = 0.0002), as well as cases (observed species, P = 0.02; PD whole tree, P = 0.03; Shannon, P = 0.03) and controls (observed species, P = 0.01; PD whole tree, P = 0.05; Shannon, P = 0.002). Increased diversity was also associated with presence of livestock (observed species, P = 0.02; PD whole tree, P = 0.02; Shannon, P = 0.03) in the home for cases. Our study is the first to report that decreased microbial diversity is associated with risk of lung cancer. Larger studies are necessary to elucidate the direct and indirect effects attributed to the disease‐specific, HAP‐specific, and animal‐specific associations. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.