Coaxial Aerodynamically Assisted Bio‐jets: A Versatile Paradigm for Directly Engineering Living Primary Organisms

In this paper, a coaxial jetting methodology is demonstrated as a first example (non‐electric field driven) completely run by aerodynamic forces which are brought about by the application of a differential pressure for the safe handling of primary living organisms by means of jets as encapsulated droplets. Previously this jetting technique in this configuration has only been investigated for processing combinations of liquid‐liquid and liquid‐gas systems. These developmental studies into aerodynamically assisted jets (AAJ) have unearthed a versatile bio‐jetting approach referred to here as coaxial aerodynamically assisted bio‐jetting (CAABJ). In the current work, this flexible approach is demonstrated to handle two primary cell types for drop‐and‐placing onto several different substrates. Furthermore, the study assesses cellular viability of the post‐treated cells in comparison to controls by way of flow cytometry. These first steps demonstrate the promise this protocol has in exploring the creation of biologically viable structures to form encapsulations of cells which would be useful as a direct tissue engineering to the immuno‐hinding methodology in bio‐repair and therapeutics. Therefore, these investigations place CAABJ into the cell jetting pursuit together with bio‐electrosprays, which will undergo an explosive developmental research.