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Nano‐liquid chromatography combined with a sustainable microextraction based on natural deep eutectic solvents for analysis of phthalate esters
Author(s) -
SantanaMayor Álvaro,
RodríguezRamos Ruth,
SocasRodríguez Bárbara,
RodríguezDelgado Miguel Ángel,
D'Orazio Giovanni
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.202000032
Subject(s) - chromatography , phthalate , repeatability , phthalic acid , eutectic system , chemistry , detection limit , extraction (chemistry) , materials science , organic chemistry , alloy
The separation of 11 phthalic acid ester (PAEs) was carried out by nano‐liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet and MS detection. Preliminary experiments were achieved in order to select suitable stationary phases and chromatographic conditions. The baseline separation was obtained, for all compounds, with an XBridge TM C 18 column in less than 15 min, working in step gradient mode. The sensitivity of the method was improved by on‐column focusing. PAEs were extracted from alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages using vortex‐assisted emulsification dispersive liquid–liquid microextration and natural deep eutectic solvents. The whole method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, recovery, and repeatability. Combination of both off‐line sample preparation preconcentration and large injection volume led to obtain LOQs in the range 5–47 ng/mL. The developed nano‐LC‐UV method was extended to MS detection to confirm the presence of PAEs in some beverages commercialized in different types of packaging.