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Hydrophilic interaction electrokinetic chromatography using bio‐based nanofillers
Author(s) -
Kawai Takayuki,
Watanabe Masato,
Uetani Kojiro,
Fukushima Yudai,
Sueyoshi Kenji,
Kubo Takuya,
Kitagawa Fumihiko,
Yano Hiroyuki,
Otsuka Koji
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.201300558
Subject(s) - hydrophilic interaction chromatography , chemistry , chitosan , chitin , chromatography , cellulose , electrokinetic phenomena , nanofiber , sulfonate , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , high performance liquid chromatography , engineering , sodium
Hydrophilic interaction (HI)‐based separation like HILIC is effective for analyzing hydrophilic biological samples such as carbohydrates, peptides, and metabolites. To overcome the drawbacks of conventional HILIC such as large consumption of organic solvents and easy deterioration of the separation column, we developed HI electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) by employing bio‐based nanomaterials as the hydrophilic pseudostationary phase. By mechanical/chemical treatments, cellulose, chitin, and chitosan were processed to 10‐nm wide nanofibers/nanowhiskers (NFs/NWs), which are longer/shorter than 1000/200 nm, respectively. In HI‐EKC of oligosaccharides using 0.001% uncharged cellulose NFs, strong interaction was observed for the large‐size oligosaccharides with the retention factors ( k ) of up to 1.56, indicating a HILIC‐mode interaction. In HI‐EKC with 0.1% positively charged chitosan NFs, benzenedisulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid (BS), and p ‐hydroxy BS (HBS) had k values of 0.036, 0.018, and 0.018, respectively, suggesting that the ion‐exchange interaction mainly occurred via sulfonate groups. Finally, HI‐EKC was demonstrated using 0.05% chitin or chitosan NWs. In both cases using chitin and chitosan NWs, HBS showed much stronger interaction with k > 0.192 compared with BS with k < 0.070. It indicated structural difference between NFs and NWs affected the HI behavior in terms of both the ion‐exchange and HILIC modes.