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Instrumentation design for hydrodynamic sample injection in microchip electrophoresis: A review
Author(s) -
Saito Renata M.,
Coltro Wendell K. T.,
de Jesus Dosil P.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.201200089
Subject(s) - electrokinetic phenomena , instrumentation (computer programming) , sample (material) , bottleneck , electrophoresis , chromatography , computer science , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , materials science , nanotechnology , embedded system , operating system
Reproducible and representative sample injection in microchip electrophoresis has been a bottleneck for quantitative analytical applications. Electrokinetic sample injection is the most used because it is easy to perform. However, this injection method is usually affected by sample composition and the bias effect. On the other hand, these drawbacks are overcome by the hydrodynamic ( HD ) sample injection, although this injection mode requires HD flow control. This review gives an overview of the basic principles, the instrumentation designs, and the performance of HD sample injection systems for microchip electrophoresis.