Premium
Lectin‐based glycoproteomics to explore and analyze hepatocellular carcinoma‐related glycoprotein markers
Author(s) -
Dai Zhi,
Zhou Jian,
Qiu ShuangJian,
Liu YinKun,
Fan Jia
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.200900064
Subject(s) - glycoproteomics , fucosylation , lectin , glycan , glycosylation , glycoprotein , hepatocellular carcinoma , computational biology , biochemistry , glycome , biology , chemistry , cancer research
More and more new diagnostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been found in association with advances in the standardization of 2‐DE coupled with MS analysis. However, the diagnosis of HCC is still detected in the late stages of the disease, when treatment options are limited and prognosis is poor. The glycosylation of proteins is known to change in tumor cells during the development of HCC as the result of alterations in the levels of glycosyltransferases, such as increased fucosylation of Golgi Protein 73 and α‐fetoprotein. These structural changes can influence the function or physiochemical properties of a protein, resulting in abnormal cancer cell behavior. Therefore, identification of HCC‐related glycoprotein markers and analysis of glycan structural alterations might assist in the early detection of HCC. Here, we summarize lectin‐based glycoproteomic strategies for the discovery of relevant biomarkers of HCC. The carbohydrate‐binding specificities of different lectins offer a biological affinity approach that complements existing MS capabilities. These strategies involve the enrichment of glycoproteins or glycopeptides by lectins, followed by releasing carbohydrates with peptide‐ N ‐glycosidase F or reductive β‐elimination. The obtained glycopeptides are then identified by automated MS/MS and structural analysis of glycans is performed through modern methods such as quadrupole IT‐TOF, MALDI‐TOF/TOF and lectin microarray. These strategies will lead to faster and more clinically adaptable tests with greater sensitivity and specificity.