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Determination of nitroaromatic explosives residue at military shooting ranges using a sweeping‐MEKC method
Author(s) -
Yang YingYing,
Liu JuTsung,
Lin ChengHuang
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.200800269
Subject(s) - explosive material , residue (chemistry) , environmental science , trinitrotoluene , environmental chemistry , chromatography , chemistry , organic chemistry , biochemistry
We report on the application of sweeping‐MEKC, for the first time, using the Environmental Protection Agency Method 8330 stock standard (a mixture of 14 explosives). The use of a traditional MEKC mode provided the LODs (at S / N =3) ranging from 1.5 to 2.9 μg/mL for the 14 explosives standards, which were improved by as low as 3.1–6.5 ng/mL when a sweeping‐MEKC technique was used. A set of 21 soil samples were collected from surface soil at military shooting ranges located at Kinmen County in Taiwan, and the findings showed that hexahydro‐1,3,5‐trini‐tro‐1,3,5‐triazine and 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene made up the explosives residue present at the highest concentrations. This study is very useful for determining current levels of explosives residue and as a reference for making appropriate recommendations concerning future site characterization techniques.