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Simultaneous separation of eight β‐adrenergic drugs using titanium dioxide nanoparticles as additive in capillary electrophoresis
Author(s) -
Zhou Shanshan,
Wang Yanqing,
De Beer Thomas,
Baeyens Willy R. G.,
Fei Guang Tao,
Dilinuer Malike,
Ouyang Jin
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.200700589
Subject(s) - clenbuterol , atenolol , fenoterol , celiprolol , chemistry , terbutaline , chromatography , ractopamine , propranolol , metoprolol , capillary electrophoresis , medicine , heart rate , asthma , blood pressure , cardiology , radiology
The analysis is described for separating seven β‐adrenergic blocking agents (atenolol, celiprolol, clorprenaline, fenoterol, metoprolol, propranolol, terbutaline) and clenbuterol (sympathomimetic β‐2 receptor stimulating agonist, decongestant and bronchodilator, illicit anabolic used in athletics) by CE with UV detection. In order to simultaneously separate all analytes, Tris‐H 3 PO 4 solution was applied containing titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) as BGEs. The effects of important factors, such as concentration of TiO 2 NPs, optimum pH, run buffer concentration, and separation voltage, were investigated so as to achieve best CE separation. The eight analytes could be well separated applying a separation voltage of 15 kV in 75 mM Tris‐H 3 PO 4 buffer at a pH of 2.40, containing 6.0×10 −6 g/mL TiO 2 NPs. Under these optimal conditions, the RSDs for peak areas and for migration times were less than 2.7 and 2.3%, respectively. The detection limits were 0.1 μg/mL for celiprolol, 0.1 μg/mL for propranolol, 0.2 μg/mL for fenoterol, 1.0 μg/mL for atenolol, 1.0 μg/mL for clenbuterol, 1.0 μg/mL for clorprenaline, 1.0 μg/mL for metoprolol, and 1.0 μg/mL for terbutaline. The proposed method was successfully applied for the rapid CE determination of the frequently applied antihypertensive β‐blocking compounds atenolol, metoprolol, terbutaline, and propranolol in pharmaceutical tablets.