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Joule heating effects on separation efficiency in capillary zone electrophoresis with an initial voltage ramp
Author(s) -
Xuan Xiangchun,
Hu Guoqing,
Li Dongqing
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.200500871
Subject(s) - joule heating , voltage , mechanics , capillary action , pressure gradient , dispersion (optics) , electric field , chemistry , temperature gradient , viscosity , joule effect , materials science , flow (mathematics) , thermal , analytical chemistry (journal) , thermodynamics , chromatography , physics , optics , composite material , meteorology , quantum mechanics
An analytical model is developed to quantify the Joule heating effects on the separation efficiency in CZE with an initial voltage ramp. This model considers the temporal variations of nonuniform temperature and flow fields in the course of voltage ramping. The temperature dependence of electrical conductivity, dynamic viscosity, and mass density of the fluid is also taken into account. We demonstrate that the application of an initial voltage ramp delays the development of pressure‐driven flows induced passively by the axial temperature gradients. The thermal dispersion is thus significantly reduced, resulting in a higher theoretical plate number in CZE. Such improvement in the separation efficiency is apparent in noncoated capillaries at high electric fields with an appropriate voltage ramp‐up time. These predictions are consistent with previous observations in both aqueous and nonaqueous CZE that took place in uncoated capillaries. In coated capillaries where the EOF is suppressed, however, our model predicts a lower plate number in the presence of an initial voltage ramp.