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Combination of cationic surfactant‐assisted solid‐phase extraction with field‐amplified sample stacking for highly sensitive analysis of chlorinated acid herbicides by capillary zone electrophoresis
Author(s) -
Xu Yan,
Qin Weidong,
Lau Yen H.,
Li Sam F. Y.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.200400213
Subject(s) - capillary electrophoresis , chromatography , solid phase extraction , cationic polymerization , detection limit , stacking , chemistry , extraction (chemistry) , sample preparation , pulmonary surfactant , analytical chemistry (journal) , organic chemistry , biochemistry
This report describes a novel online field‐amplified sample stacking (FASS) procedure to analyze 16 chlorinated acid herbicides. By using a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)‐coated capillary to reduce electroosmotic flow and introducing a methanol–water plug before sample loading, the sample injection time could be very long without loss of sample and separation efficiency. Under the optimized condition, the FASS procedure could provide great sensitivity enhancement (5000–10 000‐fold) and satisfactory reproducibility (relative standard deviations of migration times less than 2.4%, relative standard deviations of peak areas less than 8.0%). Combined with cationic surfactant‐assisted solid‐phase extraction (CSA‐SPE), the limit of detection of the herbicides ranged from 0.269 to 20.3 ppt, which are two orders lower than those of the US Environmental Protection Agency standard method 515.1. The CSA‐SPE‐FASS‐CE method was successfully applied to the analysis of local pond water.