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Thousandfold signal increase using field‐amplified sample stacking for on‐chip electrophoresis
Author(s) -
Jung Byoungsok,
Bharadwaj Rajiv,
Santiago Juan G.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.200305611
Subject(s) - electropherogram , capillary electrophoresis , stacking , electrophoresis , bodipy , electromigration , conductivity , analytical chemistry (journal) , sample (material) , chromatography , signal (programming language) , polymer , chemistry , materials science , fluorescence , computer science , physics , optics , organic chemistry , composite material , programming language
Field‐amplified sample stacking (FASS) leverages conductivity gradients between a volume of injected sample and the background buffer to increase sample concentration. A major challenge in applying FASS to on‐chip assays is the initial setup of high‐conductivity gradient boundaries in the region of the injected sample volume. We have designed, fabricated, and characterized a novel FASS‐capillary electrophoresis (CE) chip design that uses a photoinitiated porous polymer structure to facilitate sample injection and flow control for high‐gradient FASS. This polymer structure provides a region of high flow resistance that allows the electromigration of sample ions. We have demonstrated an electropherogram signal increase by a factor of 1100 in electrophoretic separations of fluorescein and Bodipy with, respectively, 2 μ M and 1 μ M initial concentrations.