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Genome scanning by two‐dimensional DNA typing: The use of repetitive DNA sequences for rapid mapping of genetic traits
Author(s) -
Uitterlinden André G.,
Slagboom Eline P.,
Mullaart Erick,
Meulenbelt Ingrid,
Vijg Jan
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
electrophoresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.666
H-Index - 158
eISSN - 1522-2683
pISSN - 0173-0835
DOI - 10.1002/elps.1150120206
Subject(s) - minisatellite , biology , genome , genetics , typing , dna , repeated sequence , computational biology , dna profiling , polymerase chain reaction , dna sequencing , microsatellite , genomic dna , allele , gene
The existence of repetitive DNA sequences offers the possibility to assess the mammalian genome for individual variation in its entirety rather than at one or only a few sites. In order to fully explore the various sets of mammalian repeat sequences for this purpose, analytical tools are required which allow many if not all individual members of sets of repetitive elements to be resolved and identified in terms of location and allelic variation. We have applied and further developed an electrophoretic system, two‐dimensional DNA typing, which may fulfill these requirements. The two‐dimensional system combines separation of DNA fragments is by size in a neutral gel, with separation by sequence composition in a denaturing gradient gel. By hybridization with minisatellite‐ and simple‐sequence core probes and by inter‐repeat polymerase chain reaction techniques, it is possible to obtain individual ‐ and even chromosomespecific separation patterns that consist of hundreds of spots. Computerized image analysis and matching of such spot patterns allow the rapid assesment of multiple polymorphisms, spread over the genome, to monitor genetic variability in populations. When coupled to databases of polymorphic DNA markers with a known genomic location, two‐dimensional DNA typing can greatly accellerate the mapping of genetic traits in humans, animals, and plants.