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Design of Solid‐contact Ion‐selective Electrode with Graphene Transducer Layer for the Determination of Flavoxate Hydrochloride in Dosage Form and in Spiked Human Plasma
Author(s) -
Mahmoud Amr M.,
Ragab Mona T.,
Ramadan Nesrin K.,
ElRagehy Nariman A.,
ElZeany Badr A.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.202060377
Subject(s) - graphene , electrode , materials science , polyvinyl chloride , ion selective electrode , membrane , ionophore , layer (electronics) , transducer , ion , chemical engineering , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , chromatography , nanotechnology , selectivity , composite material , organic chemistry , catalysis , biochemistry , engineering , physics , quantum mechanics
Eco‐friendly solid‐contact ion selective electrode was fabricated and optimized for the determination of flavoxate hydrochloride in presence of its main metabolite. The process is based on carbon screen printed electrode and polyvinyl chloride polymeric sensing membrane. The first optimization step involved the ionophore selection through screening various ionophores, where calix[4]arene showed the highest affinity towards flavoxate. The second step, a graphene nanocomposite interlayer was employed as the ion‐to‐electron transducer between the carbon electrode and the polymeric ion sensing membrane. The graphene layer decreased the potential drift down to <500 μV/h and improved the electrode stability.