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Chemically‐reduced Graphene Oxide Sensor for Dipyrone Quantification in Pharmaceutical Samples Using Amperometric Detection
Author(s) -
de Faria Lucas Vinícius,
Lisboa Thalles Pedrosa,
Azevedo Gustavo Chevitarese,
Sousa Rafael Arromba,
Costa Matos Maria Auxiliadora,
Muñoz Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza,
Camargo Matos Renato
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.201800784
Subject(s) - detection limit , amperometry , graphene , reagent , chromatography , chemistry , oxide , linear range , materials science , electrode , electrochemistry , nanotechnology , organic chemistry
Dipyrone (metamizole sodium) is one of the most consumed drugs in the world. In this work a novel analytical method was developed for dipyrone sensing. This method involves the amperometric detection on a chemically‐reduced graphene‐oxide (CRGO)‐modified glassy carbon electrode. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of multilayer graphene layers that contributed to the electrocatalytic oxidation of dipyrone and increase in the electroactive area. Advantages of this sensor include elimination of previous separations, solvent extraction, or sample filtration, low detection limit (0.13 μmol L −1 ) with a linear range from 48 to 246 μmol L −1 and adequate recovery values (97–103 %). Applied to commercial pharmaceutical samples, this method showed results ranging from 451 to 541 mg of dipyrone per tablet, which agreed with the expected values. The results obtained by amperometry were compared statistically with the official method recommended by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia (iodometric method), with no significant differences between them at 95 % confidence level. The proposed method is accurate for the monitoring of sodium dipyrone in pharmaceutical formulations, highlighting the lower reagent consumption and interferences in the analytical process.