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Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide for Forensic Electrochemistry: Detection of Cocaine and its Adulterants Paracetamol, Caffeine and Levamisole
Author(s) -
Rocha Diego P.,
Dornellas Rafael M.,
Nossol Edson,
Richter Eduardo M.,
Silva Sidnei G.,
Santana Mário H. P.,
Munoz Rodrigo A. A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.201700437
Subject(s) - graphene , electrode , adulterant , levamisole , electrochemistry , oxide , detection limit , chemistry , nuclear chemistry , inorganic chemistry , materials science , chromatography , nanotechnology , organic chemistry , medicine
This communication shows the improved performance of electrochemically‐reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) modified electrodes for the square‐wave voltammetric detection of cocaine (COC) and its main adulterants paracetamol (PAR), caffeine (CAF) and levamisole (LEV). The four compounds can be identified in a single voltammetric scan on the ERGO‐modified electrode with adequate resolution of peaks and increase in current (at least 2‐fold) in comparison with the unmodified electrode. Moreover, electrode fouling typically verified during the oxidation of CAF and LEV is eliminated. CAF and PAR were determined in a real COC sample and satisfactory recovery values were obtained (103 and 85 %, respectively).