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Multi‐responses Methodology Applied in the Electroanalytical Determination of Hair Dye by Using Printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Graphene
Author(s) -
Hudari Felipe Fantinato,
Costa Ferreira Sergio Luis,
Zai Maria Valnice Boldrin
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
electroanalysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1521-4109
pISSN - 1040-0397
DOI - 10.1002/elan.201501043
Subject(s) - repeatability , graphene , electrode , factorial experiment , materials science , detection limit , square wave , analytical chemistry (journal) , wastewater , carbon fibers , matrix (chemical analysis) , anode , chromatography , chemistry , nanotechnology , mathematics , composite material , composite number , statistics , physics , quantum mechanics , voltage , engineering , waste management
This paper describes a rapid and sensitive method for determination of the hair dye Basic Blue 41 in wastewater samples using screen‐printed carbon electrodes modified with graphene (SPCE/Gr). The method is based on the reversible reduction of azo groups of the dye at potential of −0.23 V/−0.26 V, where both the anodic and cathodic currents increased 1,300 % when compared to screen‐printed carbon (SPCE) and glassy carbon electrodes (GCE). The optimization of a square wave voltammetric method was performed by means of 2 3 factorial design, Doehlert matrix and multi‐response assays, and the best parameters were: frequency (54.8 Hz), step potential (6 mV), pulse amplitude (43.7 mV) and pH 4.5. The analytical curve was constructed from 3.00×10 −8 to 2.01×10 −6 mol L −1 , with detection and quantification limits of 5.00×10 −9 and 1.70×10 −8 mol L −1 , respectively. The repeatability of the method evaluated for 10 consecutive measurements at concentrations of 1.70×10 −7 mol L −1 and 1.70×10 −6 mol L −1 , showed relative standard deviation of 3.56 and 0.57 %, respectively. The sensor based in SPCE/Gr was successfully applied in wastewater samples collected from a drinking water treatment plant and validated by comparison with HPLC‐DAD method with good accuracy.